Reward calculation
How protocol fees flow, how your stake is weighted, what your APY actually works out to — and a calculator that nets it against your infrastructure cost.
Fee distribution
Every protocol fee — block fees, credential verification fees, cross-subnet relay fees — is split three ways at the moment of collection. No discretionary allocation, no governance vote required.
docsEconomics.feeSplitBreakdownNote
Effective stake weight formula
docsEconomics.stakeWeightDescription
Nominal SLDS locked to your validator DID. Minimum varies by tier.
30-day uptime as decimal (0.0 – 1.0). 99.5% → 0.995.
reputation_score / 1,000. New validators start at 500 (factor 0.5).
docsEconomics.callout.whyDiscount
Reward sources
The validators-70% pool itself comes from three on-chain activities. Block production is the largest, but credential verification (unique to Solidus's Proof-of-Identity model) and cross-subnet relay are real and growing.
Source mix varies per validator. Light Nodes earn no relay rewards (only Subnet+ relay). Credential verification rewards depend on whether your validator is in the active KYC verifier set at the time the credential is issued.
APY calculation
APY ranges shown on marketing pages are midpoint estimates for a healthy validator in active consensus. The actual formula:
# Per-epoch SLDS reward for one validator
reward_per_epoch = epoch_fee_pool × 0.70 # validator share
× (your_effective_stake
/ total_network_effective_stake)
# Annualized
apy = (reward_per_epoch × epochs_per_year / your_stake) × 100| docsEconomics.tableHeading.tier | docsEconomics.tableHeading.minStake | docsEconomics.tableHeading.apyLow | docsEconomics.tableHeading.apyMid | docsEconomics.tableHeading.apyHigh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| docsEconomics.tier.light | 10,000 | 12% | 13.5% | 15% |
| docsEconomics.tier.subnet | 100,000 | 18% | 20.0% | 22% |
| docsEconomics.tier.core | 1,000,000 | 25% | 27.5% | 30% |
Ranges assume ≥ 99.5% uptime and ≥ 800 / 1,000 reputation. Below these floors, APY scales down per the effective-stake formula above.
Epoch & unbonding
Epochs are the chain's reward-settlement boundary. Stakes lock in at epoch start; rewards distribute at epoch close. Withdrawal initiates a 21-day unbonding period for safety.
docsEconomics.epochInfo.epochLengthValue
docsEconomics.epochInfo.epochLengthSub
docsEconomics.epochInfo.rewardPayoutValue
docsEconomics.epochInfo.rewardPayoutSub
docsEconomics.epochInfo.unbondingValue
docsEconomics.epochInfo.unbondingSub
docsEconomics.callout.unbondingIrreversible
Net APY calculator
Gross APY is what marketing pages quote. Net APY is what actually lands in your wallet after infrastructure cost. This calculator does the subtraction honestly — especially important at Light Node and entry-Subnet stake amounts.
16.86%
docsEconomics.calc.effectiveAPYSub
+$123
docsEconomics.calc.netApyLabel
docsEconomics.callout.netVsGross